Animal models play a crucial role in biomedical research. They are widely used to explore the mechanisms of human disease, evaluate the efficacy and safety of new drugs, and understand biological processes. These models are often based on mammals, such as mice, rats and rabbits, whose physiological and genomic similarities to humans make the findings clinically relevant.

The use of animal models dates back to ancient times, but modern biomedical research began to be widely adopted in the early 20th century. The creation of these models often involves simulations of specific diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. By inducing genetic mutations or viral infections, scientists have created animals that exhibit disease symptoms in anthropomorphic states. For example, transgenic mice are often used to study the function of genes and their effect on disease.

In addition to their use in basic research, animal models are an integral part of drug development and evaluation. Before clinical trials, researchers typically test the efficacy and toxicity of new drugs on animals. This process not only helps screen potential drugs, but also identifies possible side effects in advance, reducing the risk of adverse drug reactions in human trials.

However, the use of animal models also raises ethical concerns. With the advancement of science and technology, researchers are constantly exploring ways to reduce the use of animals, improve experimental conditions, and adopt alternative methods (such as cell culture techniques, computer simulations, etc.). The increasing social concern for animal welfare has led the scientific community to pay more attention to ethical and humanitarian principles in the research process.