The antelope model is a theoretical framework widely used in ecology and ethology to study and understand the dynamics of animal populations and their interactions with the environment. The core idea of the model is to provide analytical tools for the stability and change of the ecosystem by establishing mathematical equations to describe the relationships between the populations and the external environment.

In the antelope model, two groups of organisms are mainly considered: the antelope and its predators. The model sets two basic equations, one to describe population growth and the other to describe changes in the number of predators. Factors such as reproduction rate, mortality rate and predation rate are reflected in the equation. At the same time, the impact of environmental changes on population dynamics is also an important consideration in the model, such as resource availability and climate change.

By solving the above equation, the equilibrium point of the population and the trajectory of the population with time can be obtained. Ideally, when the antelope population grows too fast, the number of predators will increase accordingly, putting pressure on the antelope population and maintaining the dynamic balance of the ecosystem. However, if there is a dramatic change in the environment, or if the number of predators is too low, the antelope may be at risk of overbreeding and resource depletion, causing the ecological balance to break down.

In addition, the antelope model is not only applicable to the study of animal populations, but also can be extended to the interrelationships between other biological populations, including the dynamic changes between plants and herbivores, competing species, etc. Through these studies, ecologists are able to better understand the importance of biodiversity and provide a scientific basis for ecological conservation and management.