Bos grunniens (yak) is a kind of domestic animal adapted to the alpine environment, mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas. Yaks have unique advantages in terms of physiological characteristics and ecological adaptation, making them important creatures in this extreme environment.
Yaks have thick hair and a special layer of fat, which can effectively resist the cold and adapt to the low-oxygen environment at high altitudes. Their strong physique and endurance make them walk freely in the rugged mountains and become an important labor force for plateau herdsmen. In addition, the yak's digestive system is adapted to a high-fiber diet and is able to effectively use the pasture on the plateau to provide herders with a variety of resources such as meat, milk and fur.
In the ecosystem, yaks are not only a key economic animal, but also play an important role in environmental protection. Their grazing can promote the growth of grassland and maintain ecological balance. However, with the impact of modernization and climate change, the yak's living environment is under threat. Therefore, protecting yak and its habitat and maintaining the ecological stability of the plateau are important issues that need to be solved urgently.